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freedom of press

Press Freedom In Turkey 2024

ATTACKS ON PRESS FREEDOM AND FREE SPEECH IN TURKEY

In Turkey, the press has been marred by government interference and suppression, leading to a precarious environment for journalists, particularly women and those critical of the authorities. In the media landscape, the government’s tight grip on national media outlets has pushed citizens towards seeking information from alternative sources in recent times.

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The Economist; Democracy is under threat all around the world.

Democracy is under threat all around the world. There are four stages to dismantling a democracy, starting with a charismatic leader who pledges to save the people

Source: https://twitter.com/TheEconomist/status/1048785226376392704?s=08

 


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Persecuting the future: The child victims of Turkey’s purge under Erdogan’s Regime

Children struggle in the prison of Turkey.
The current panel execution law No:5275 reads” imprisonment is adjourned for women who are pregnant or who have not passed 6 months since birth”.
But…
The mothers of 668 babies in jail committed no offense, they are not proven guilty of the offense, and their indictments are not written…

668 children in Turkish Jails… %64 of them are under the age of three…
72 children are waiting for their mothers outside, ages ranging from 8 months old to 14 years old…
13 children drowned in Aegean sea or Evros River…

 


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International Bar Association Raises Judicial Independence in Turkey to UN

09/28/2018

International Bar Association Raises Judicial Independence in Turkey to UN

In a joint submission with two other groups, the International Bar Association (IBA) raised the issue of independence of judges and judicial independence in Turkey to a special rapporteur from the United Nations.

The dismal state of rule of law and the judiciary in Turkey continues to attract attention from relevant international bodies. In cooperation with the Bar Human Rights Committee of England and Wales and the Law Society of England and Wales, the International Bar Association’s Human Rights Institute (IBAHRI) submitted a report to the United Nations Special Rapporteur on the independence of Judges and Lawyers.

The report mostly focuses on the collapse of the rights and protections regarding the legal profession in a steady way since 2010. But, according to the study, the situation concerns Turkey’s judiciary, judicial independence and other legal rights have dramatically been shredded and worsened since the failed 2016 coup. Both during and after the state of emergency, members of judiciary faced political crackdown and imprisonment en masse.

“Prior to the failed attempt, the Turkish government had been increasingly interfering with, and exercising undue influence over, the legal profession using adverse constitutional and legislative reforms together with systematic attacks against judges, prosecutors, lawyers and other legal professionals,” the study noted.

Since the failed coup, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan’s government has only sharpened its clampdown on its social and political opponents, as well as members of the judiciary.

Thousands of military officials, police officers, diplomats, academics, teachers, judges and prosecutors have been dismissed over coup terrorism-related charges with little evidence.

To this date, the report stated that “4,279 judges and prosecutors have been dismissed.”

“Five hundred and ninety lawyers have been arrested, 1,546 prosecuted and 181 convicted.”

Resource:
https://twitter.com/IBAHRI/status/1045312267762487297

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Justice suffocates in post-coup Turkey: LAWYERS BEHIND BARS

The bloody July 15th coup attempt proved to be a turning point in the course of the crackdown and witch-hunt the AKP government had launched in the aftermath of the December 17-25 corruption probe.

 


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CPJ announces Press Oppressors awards

CPJ, which is one of the significant promoters and defenders of press freedom and the rights of journalists, recognized world leaders that have significantly harmed the press, undermined norms supporting freedom of the media in their countries and gone beyond to silenced critical voices. Following are the ranking of leaders in five categories:

Most Thin-skinned

Winner: President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Turkey

Turkish authorities have repeatedly charged journalists, news outlets, and social media users for insulting Erdoğan, insulting other Turkish leaders, and insulting “Turkishness” in general. Over the course of 2016, the Turkish judicial system handled 46,193 cases of “insulting the president” or “insulting the Turkish nation, the Republic of Turkey, the parliament, the government, or the institutions of the judiciary,” the daily newspaper Cumhuriyet reported in June 2017, citing figures from the Justice Ministry.

Runner-Up: President Donald Trump, United States

In response to media coverage critical of him, Trump has threatened to “open-up” U.S. libel laws, sue news outlets, and subject their broadcast licenses to review. He regularly attacks outlets and individual journalists on Twitter and in speeches, calling them “sad,” “failing,” or “garbage.” Since declaring his presidential candidacy in 2015, Trump has posted about 1,000 tweets critical of the press. CPJ research shows that when public figures and political leaders lob insults at the media, they encourage self-censorship and expose journalists to unnecessary risk.

Most Outrageous Use of Terror Laws Against the Press

Winner: President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan, Turkey

Turkey is the world’s worst jailer of journalists, with at least 73 behind bars when CPJ conducted its most recent prison census on December 1. Every journalist jailed for their work in Turkey is under investigation for, or charged with, anti-state crimes — in most cases for belonging to, aiding, or making propaganda for an alleged terrorist organization.

Runner-Up: President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi, Egypt

Of at least 20 journalists jailed in Egypt at the time of CPJ’s latest prison census, 18 were charged with, or convicted of, anti-state crimes such as aiding or inciting terrorism or belonging to banned groups. In 2017, Sisi’s government passed a new anti-terrorism law that furthered its crackdown on the press by, among other things, enabling authorities to put journalists acquitted of terrorism-related charges on a watch list that restricts their financial and other rights, according to news reports.

Tightest Grip on Media

Winner: President Xi Jinping, China

Beijing, under the increasingly iron grip of Xi, uses a combination of traditional censorship and internet controls to keep the news media in line. China is consistently one of the world’s worst jailers of the press; in 2017 it was the second worst globally, with at least 41 journalists in prison. Most traditional media is controlled by the government, and journalists risk losing their jobs or being banned from traveling if they push the boundaries of censorship directives at their news outlets or in personal blogs. Reporters’ sources and international journalists are also harassed and obstructed. Internet controls include the Great Firewall, human and automated censors, and pressure on technology companies to comply.

Runner-Up: President Vladimir Putin, Russia

Under Putin, independent media has been all but eradicated as journalists experience threats of violence or imprisonment and other types of harassment. His government recently ordered international news outlets including Voice of America and Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty to register as foreign agents (in response to a parallel move by the U.S.), and blocked their journalists from entering Parliament. Russian authorities have tried with varying success to emulate the Chinese model of internet censorship.

Biggest Backslider in Press Freedom

Winner: State Counselor and de facto leader Aung San Suu Kyi, Myanmar

CPJ listed Myanmar in 2015 as the ninth most censored country worldwide, but after Suu Kyi’s party took power in 2016, the last five journalists in jail were pardoned and hopes for media freedom were high. However, most of the legal structure that has long restricted the press remains in place and journalists continue to be imprisoned. Security officials obstruct and harass journalists trying to cover what the U.N. has termed “a textbook example of ethnic cleansing” by authorities in the country’s northern Rakhine State. On December 12, two Reuters reporters covering the crisis were arrested on suspicion of violating the Official Secrets Act and held incommunicado for two weeks before being allowed to see their lawyer and families. Reuters reported that if convicted, the pair could face up to 14 years in prison.

Runner-Up: President Andrzej Duda, Poland

Under Duda, the conservative-nationalist government led by the Law and Justice party has dramatically changed the reputation of Poland, which for decades was a symbol of democracy for its peaceful journey from communism to European Union membership. The independent media was a pillar of that transition. More recently, the government has taken direct control of public media and announced plans to change regulations in a way that would force foreign owners of news outlets to give up their majority stakes, according to news reports. Government offices have canceled subscriptions to pro-opposition news outlets, while state-owned companies redirected advertising money to friendly media, according to U.S. watchdog Freedom House. In December, Poland’s media regulator levied a 1.5 million zloty ($415,000) fine on leading news broadcaster TVN24 in relation to its coverage of protests in parliament in 2016, according to news reports which cited critics as saying the government is trying to warn journalists to self-censor. The government’s parallel moves to reform the judiciary prompted the European Commission in December to take the unprecedented step of launching a process intended to suspend the country’s voting rights in the European Union.

Overall Achievement in Undermining Global Press Freedom

Winner: President Donald Trump, United States

The United States, with its First Amendment protection for a free press, has long stood as a beacon for independent media around the world. While previous U.S. presidents have each criticized the press to some degree, they have also made public commitments to uphold its essential role in democracy, at home and abroad. Trump, by contrast, has consistently undermined domestic news outlets and declined to publicly raise freedom of the press with repressive leaders such as Xi, Erdoğan, and Sisi. Authorities in China, Syria, and Russia have adopted Trump’s “fake news” epithet, and Erdoğan has applauded at least one of his verbal attacks on journalists. Under Trump’s administration, the Department of Justice has failed to commit to guidelines intended to protect journalists’ sources, and the State Department has proposed to cut funding for international organizations that help buttress international norms in support of free expression. As Trump and other Western powers fail to pressure the world’s most repressive leaders into improving the climate for press freedom, the number of journalists in prison globally is at a record high.

Source: https://cpj.org/blog/2018/01/press-oppressor-awards-trump-fake-news-fakies.php

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AST Turkey’s Human Rights Violations Weekly Dec 4

Download as pdf: AST_Turkey’s Human Rights Violations Weekly_Dec4

Turkey’s Human Rights Violations | 11/27/2017-12/4/2017

1-“Turkish Police Bar İstanbul Rally To Show Solidarity With Jailed Journalists, Lawyers”
https://stockholmcf.org/turkish-police-bar-istanbul-rally-show-solidarity-jailed-journalists-lawyers/

2-“Turkish Government Jails Another Journalist”
https://stockholmcf.org/turkish-government-jails-another-journalist/

3-“Turkish Gov’t Investigates All Members Of CHP Party Assembly Over Erdoğan’s Complaint”
https://stockholmcf.org/turkish-govt-investigates-members-chp-party-assembly-erdogans-complaint/

4-“People Flock To Social Media For Zarrab’s Trial As Turkish Media Opts Auto Censorship”
https://stockholmcf.org/people-flock-social-media-zarrabs-trial-turkish-media-opts-auto-censorship/

5-“Turkish Court Sentences 82-Year-Old Türk For 10 Years Over Gülen Links, Releases Him From Prison”
https://stockholmcf.org/turkish-court-sentences-82-year-old-turk-10-years-gulen-links-releases-prison/

6-“Turkish Court Releases Hunger Striking Nuriye Gülmen From Prison”
https://stockholmcf.org/turkish-court-releases-hunger-striking-nuriye-gulmen-prison/

7-“Turkish Gov’t Confiscates Assets Of Zarrab, Close Relatives Amid His Confessions In US”
https://stockholmcf.org/turkish-govt-confiscates-assets-zarrab-close-relatives-amid-bribe-confessions-us/

8-“The Door Of Alevi Family Marked With Nationalist/Islamist Phrases In İstanbul”
https://stockholmcf.org/door-alevi-family-marked-nationalist-islamist-phrases-istanbul/

9-” EU Cuts Funds For Turkey’s Membership Bid As A Solid Warning To Ankara Over Human Rights Violations”
https://stockholmcf.org/eu-cuts-funds-turkeys-membership-bid-solid-warning-ankara-human-rights-violations/

11-“Turkish Gov’t Detains Hundreds Of People, Mostly Military Officers Over Alleged Links To Gülen Movement”
https://stockholmcf.org/turkish-govt-detains-hundreds-people-mostly-military-officers-alleged-links-gulen-movement/

10-“Turkish Gov’t Detains Nationalist News Portal’s Editor Over Alleged Links To Gülen Movement”
https://stockholmcf.org/turkish-govt-detains-nationalist-news-portals-editor-alleged-links-gulen-movement/

12-“22-Year Jail Term Sought For Turkish Director Over Movie Showing Erdogan’s Execution”
https://stockholmcf.org/22-year-jail-term-sought-for-turkish-director-over-movie-showing-erdogans-execution/

13-“ECtHR Rejects CHP’s Application Against April 16 Presidential Referendum In Turkey”
https://stockholmcf.org/ecthr-rejects-chps-application-against-april-16-presidential-referendum/

14-“EU’s Counter-Terrorism Chief: EU Does Not Deem Gülen Movement As ‘Terror Organization’”
https://stockholmcf.org/eus-counter-terrorism-chief-eu-does-not-deem-gulen-movement-as-terror-organisation/

15-“Turkish Journalist Cuma Ulus Jailed For Retweeting ‘Journalism Is Not A Crime’”
https://stockholmcf.org/turkish-journalist-cuma-ulus-jailed-for-retweeting-journalism-is-not-a-crime/

16-“EUobserver: European Foundation Demands Release Of Turkish Journalist Parıldak”
https://stockholmcf.org/euobserver-european-foundation-demands-release-of-turkish-journalist-parildak/

17-“Turkish Gov’t Issues Detention Warrants For 333 Military Officers Over Alleged Links To Gülen Movement”
https://stockholmcf.org/turkish-govt-issues-detention-warrants-for-333-military-officers-over-alleged-links-to-gulen-movement/

18-“Turkish Gov’t Sentences Former Deputy, HSYK Inspector, University Student In Prison Over Alleged Gülen Links”
https://stockholmcf.org/turkish-govt-sentences-former-deputy-hsyk-inspector-university-student-in-prison-over-alleged-gulen-links/

19-“Another Turkish Woman Detained On Coup Charges One Day After Giving Birth”
https://stockholmcf.org/turkish-govt-detains-hundreds-people-mostly-military-officers-alleged-links-gulen-movement/

20-“Turkish Author Perihan Mağden: I Feel Like A Jew In Nazi Germany”
https://stockholmcf.org/turkish-govt-detains-nationalist-news-portals-editor-alleged-links-gulen-movement/

21-“Imprisoned HDP Leader Demirtaş Sues Turkish Interior Minister In Libel Case”
https://stockholmcf.org/imprisoned-hdp-leader-demirtas-sues-turkish-interior-minister-in-libel-case/

22-“Turkish Gov’t Issues Detention Warrants For 85, Including 10 Lawyers, Over Links To Gülen Movement”
https://stockholmcf.org/turkish-govt-issues-detention-warrants-for-85-including-10-lawyers-over-links-to-gulen-movement/

23-“Turkish Police Suggested To Use ‘German Model’ To Identify Sympathisers Of Gülen Movement”
https://stockholmcf.org/turkish-police-suggested-to-use-german-model-to-identify-sympathisers-of-gulen-movement/

24-“A 57-Year-Old Prisoner With Toothache Passes Away At Turkey’s Mersin Prison”
https://stockholmcf.org/a-57-year-old-prisoner-with-toothache-passes-away-at-turkeys-mersin-prison/

25-“Report: Turkey’s MİT Abducts Turkish Businessman From Sudan”
https://stockholmcf.org/report-turkeys-mit-abducts-turkish-businessman-from-sudan/

26-“Father of three released only after wife died following heart attack”
https://turkeypurge.com/father-three-released-wife-died-following-heart-attack

27-“Main opposition lawmaker faces life in prison in retrial for espionage charges”
https://turkeypurge.com/main-opposition-lawmaker-faces-life-prison-retrial-espionage-charges

28-“Alevi home in Istanbul marked with racist slur”
https://turkeypurge.com/alevi-home-istanbul-marked-attacked-racist-slur

29-“Zarrab case in US further imperils 1 million Gülenists, family members in Turkey: AK Party deputy”
https://turkeypurge.com/zarrab-case-us-imperils-1-million-gulenists-family-members-turkey-ak-party-deputy

30-“28-year-old lawyer detained while planning to flee Turkey to Rhodes”
https://turkeypurge.com/28-year-old-lawyer-detained-planning-flee-turkey-greece

31-“Turkey’s national intel established special unit to go after Gülen supporters abroad: state-run news agency”
https://turkeypurge.com/turkeys-national-intel-established-special-unit-go-gulen-supporters-abroad-state-run-news-agency

32-“Uşak University’s former rector sentenced to 8 years in prison”
https://turkeypurge.com/usak-universitys-former-rector-sentenced-8-years-prison

33-“Erdoğan’s former speechwriter threatens Gülen movement over Zarrab case”
https://www.turkishminute.com/2017/11/28/erdogans-former-speechwriter-threatens-gulen-movement-over-zarrab-case/

34-“Elderly prisoner gets 11 days in solitary for expressing hope for release”
https://www.turkishminute.com/2017/11/28/elderly-prisoner-gets-11-days-in-solitary-for-expressing-hope-for-release/

35-“Gov’t trustee shuts down Kurdish-language audio library for disabled children”
https://turkeypurge.com/govt-trustee-shuts-kurdish-language-audio-library-disabled-children

36-“Businessmen who attempt to move assets abroad traitors: Erdogan”
https://stockholmcf.org/report-turkeys-mit-abducts-turkish-businessman-from-sudan/

37-“85 more military officers arrested on coup charges: report”
https://turkeypurge.com/85-military-officers-arrested-coup-charges-report

Türkiye tarafından işlenenen İnsan Hakları İhlalleri | 11/27/2017-12/4/2017

1-” Çocukları elinden alınan kadın feryat etti!”
http://aktifhaber.com/yasam/cocuklari-elinden-alinan-kadin-feryat-etti-h108413.html

2-“Reuters kareleriyle Gülmen’in tahliyesi”
http://aktifhaber.com/gundem/reuters-kareleriyle-gulmenin-tahliyesi-h108416.html

3-“Türkiye 2006-16 döneminde basın özgürlüğünün en çok zayıfladığı ülke oldu..”
http://aktifhaber.com/genel/turkiye-2006-16-doneminde-basin-ozgurlugunun-en-cok-zayifladigi-ulke-oldu-h108409.html

4-“Yargıtay ByLock Kullanımı için: Suçun işlenmesine somut olayın koşullarına göre kuvvetli belirti ”
http://aktifhaber.com/gundem/yargitay-bylock-kullanimi-icin-sucun-islenmesine-somut-olayin-kosullarina-gore-kuvvetli-belirti-h108407.html

5-“Hapishane koşullarını protesto için kendini yaktı”
http://aktifhaber.com/iskence/hapishane-kosullarini-protesto-icin-kendini-yakti-h108313.html

6-“Silivri Cezaevinde yalnız kalmaması gereken Epilepsi hastası tek kişilik hücrede tutuluyor”
http://aktifhaber.com/iskence/silivri-cezaevinde-yalniz-kalmamasi-gereken-epilepsi-hastasi-tek-kisilik-hucrede-tutuluyor-h108236.html

7-“Gökhan Açıkkollu’nun işkenceyle öldürüldüğü kesinleşti..”
http://aktifhaber.com/iskence/gokhan-acikkollunun-iskenceyle-olduruldugu-kesinlesti-h108211.html

8-“AKP döneminde mahkum sayısı en az 4 kat arttı”
http://aktifhaber.com/iskence/akp-doneminde-mahkum-sayisi-en-az-4-kat-artti-h108187.html

9-“Ve AKP 90’ları aştı: İşkence sorulamayacak konu statüsüne girdi”
http://aktifhaber.com/iskence/ve-akp-90lari-asti-iskence-sorulamayacak-konu-statusune-girdi-h108181.html

10-“Cezaevlerinde son 30 yılın en vahşi dönemi yaşanıyor”
http://aktifhaber.com/iskence/cezaevlerinde-son-30-yilin-en-vahsi-donemi-yasaniyor-h108180.html

11-“Tahliye oldu Tarsus Cezaevi işkencelerini anlattı”
http://aktifhaber.com/iskence/tahliye-oldu-tarsus-cezaevi-iskencelerini-anlatti-h108110.html

12-” İşkence cezasızlık politikasıyla artırıldı”
http://aktifhaber.com/iskence/iskence-cezasizlik-politikasiyla-artirildi-h108072.html

13-“Suçlama: Lüks sitelerde oturmak ve tutuklu ailelerine yardım etmek”
http://www.kronos.news/tr/suclama-luks-sitelerde-oturmak-ve-tutuklu-ailelerine-yardim-etmek/

14-“‘Sizi gördüğüme inanamıyorum’”
http://www.kronos.news/tr/nuriye-gulmene-tahliye-icimizdeki-mecbur-kurdunu-yitirmeyelim/

15-“‘Gurur tablosu’: İsparta’da Gülenci suçlamasıyla 397 kişi tutuklandı”
http://www.kronos.news/tr/malatyada-alevi-ailelerin-evlerine-kirmizi-isaret/

16-“Avukat Selçuk Kozağaçlı 19 gündür tecritte tutuluyor”
http://www.kronos.news/tr/avukat-selcuk-kozagacli-19-gundur-tecritte-tutuluyor/

17-“Gülen’in yeğeni Mezher Gülen hakkında 22,5 yıl hapis cezası istendi”
http://www.kronos.news/tr/gulenin-yegeni-mezher-gulen-icin-225-yil-hapis-cezasi-istendi/

18-“MİT’ten ‘büyük operasyon’: Vergi rekortmeni işadamı Sudan’dan getirildi”
http://www.kronos.news/tr/mitten-buyuk-operasyon-tutuklu-isadami-sudandan-getirildi/

19-“‘400 dilekçe verdim, tek bir tutukluyu ziyaret edemedim’”
http://www.kronos.news/tr/400-dilekce-verdim-tek-bir-tutukluyu-ziyaret-edemedim/

20-“Türkiye ceezaevlerindeki 700 bebege ve 17 bin kadina ozgurluk!”
http://www.tr724.com/turkiye-cezaevlerindeki-700-bebege-17-bin-kadina-ozgurluk/

21-“Anne Nesrin Oğuz bebeğiyle gözaltına alındı”
http://aktifhaber.com/gundem/anne-nesrin-oguz-bebegiyle-gozaltina-alindi-h108456.html

22-“Beraat ettiysem suçsuzum işime iade edin”
http://www.kronos.news/tr/erdogana-osman-kavalayi-serbest-birakin-cagrisi/

23-“’TSK’ya operasyonda 85 tutuklama”
http://aktifhaber.com/gundem/tskya-operasyonda-85-tutuklama-h108431.html

24-“Cezaevini bomba arıyoruz diye köpeklerle bastılar”
http://aktifhaber.com/iskence/cezaevini-bomba-ariyoruz-diye-kopeklerle-bastilar-h108429.html

25-“‘Varlıklarını yurt dışına kaçıran işadamlarına asla izin vermeyin’
http://www.kronos.news/tr/erdogan-bazi-isadamlari-varliklarini-yurt-disina-kaciriyor/

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Freedom of the Net 2017

FREEDOM OF THE NET 2017 REPORT PREPARED BY THE FREEDOM HOUSE

SUMMARY OF THE PARTS CONCERNING TURKEY

In November 2017, the Freedom House[1] published a report titled Freedom of the Net 2017[2] which assesses the internet freedom around the world making country-based evaluations.

According to the Report, Turkey falls into the category of “Not Free” in 2017. Together with Egypt and Ukraine, Turkey is in the top three countries who declined most compared to the last year. Turkey and Russia are both ranked as 15th among 65 countries falling behind countries such as Myanmar, Sudan and Venezuela.[3] The Report refers to different applications in Turkey many times showing that the State has been taking considerably restrictive measures.

Especially in 2017 thousands of people were arrested and/or taken into custody for downloading a mobile communication app called ByLock reasoning that coup plotters allegedly used the same app as well. The Report highlights that the app was easily accessible as well as publicly available in different app stores.

According to the Freedom House, the Turkish government has not only been using the internet to accuse government critics of serious crimes, but also to manipulate public discussions and control particular agendas. As per the allegations, around 6,000 people were employed to achieve these aims. To illustrate, many dissident journalists and academics have been dealing with online harassment by pro-government troll accounts through social media websites. Disinformation methods used by the State vary including paying government commentators (without explicit sponsorship), maintaining pro-government media and propaganda, hijacking politically dissent websites (such as social media accounts and news sites), and lastly creating fake news around elections intentionally to affect voters.

Besides these direct methods, the Turkish government uses indirect restrictions as well to control the use of the internet. To exemplify, WhatsApp as the most common mobile communication app was throttled many times especially right after significant political events and became almost inaccessible. Moreover, Turkey has taken measures to limit and control VPNs channels which enable internet users to reach banned websites and content. For example, Tor which is one of the most secure VPNs has been targeted by repressive governments. The Report emphasizes that Turkey has also applied new blocking orders to limit the use of Tor network making it harder for users to reach.

The Report specifies topics and content censored by the Turkish government; some of which can be listed as criticisms of authorities, corruption, conflict, political opposition, satire as well as mobilization for public causes. Out of 9 types of key internet controls categorized by the Freedom House, Turkey has been applying 7 of them including blocking of online communication tools, network shutdowns, increasing censorship through new laws, arrest and imprisonment of opposing internet users.

To sum up, the Freedom of the Net 2017 report illustrates how Turkey has been using the internet to serve the government’s own interests and also to limit individual freedoms such as freedom of expression and right to privacy.

1- Freedom House is a US based non-governmental organization “dedicated to the expansion of freedom and democracy around the world.”; “About Us.” Freedom House, freedomhouse.org/about-us.

2-Freedom House, Freedom of the Net 2017, Nov 2017, available at: https://freedomhouse.org/sites/default/files/FOTN_2017_Final.pdf

3- It must be noted that these 65 countries represent 87% of the world’s internet users.

 


Download PDF File: Freedom of the Net 2017

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Turkey: A Prison for Journalists

In 2016, Turkey became the world’s leading jailer of journalists, imprisoning at least 81 reporters, editors, and producers- a record number. This is a crackdown unlike any before, a crackdown that has ultimately wiped out all opposition media.

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